As informed parents we tend to err on the side of caution when it comes to our children and their health (ok, ok hysterical caution at times!) . Well, that scenario implies that one is generally informed. I know I have major trust issues but even I assume that everyone, like me, has my child’s best interests at heart. In advertising we were taught never to assume anything as assumption courted danger.
Well, did you know that a lot of the toys that we buy for our beloved kiddy- noos contain lead, arsenic, mercury, pthhalates and other chemicals that are not only harmful but can actually kill a child? I certainly did not because, funnily enough, I don’t think they include this information on the label/tag. Which parent in their right mind would buy a toy that says WARNING: Contains enough lead to kill a child? (OK, OK we all know at least one…) Fact is, children’s bodies are far more susceptable to toxins, and even small amounts of a chemical or a mixture of chemicals can have an adverse effect on their health. I had heard about BPA (Bis-phenal A) in baby bottles and other plastic paraphernalia, harmful chemicals in some paints and then the awful chemicals in shampoos, soaps, cleaning agents etc. But I was flabbergasted when I read about what our toys contain….
Various tests on toys have been done and the Ecology Centre tested 1,500 toys in December 2008 and one out of three toys contained potentially harmful levels of toxic chemicals. It is believed that after the Consumer Product Safety Modernization Act was passed in February 2009 limiting (but not banning!) the amount of toxic chemicals used in children’s products, less toys out there are harmful, but how do we know for sure? Anyway, that’s in the States – I checked the laws in South Africa and there are very few deterrents to bringing harmful toys into the country. So, the laws don’t protect us and we can’t “see” what a toy consists of – so who do we trust – the integrity of manufacturers? Before you answer, note that a number of toys that tested positive in the tests were from huge toy companies and household brand names…Mattel, Barbie, Hannah Montanna…
More research done by a company in India in 2008 showed that almost all the toys coming into India from China and particularly Taiwan contained toxic chemical substances. Only 2 out of the 19 toys tested were not known brands. Taiwan and China are known for their lack of regulatory laws when it comes to controlling harmful substances in toys.
Some interesting facts:
- Toxins such as lead are five times as likely to be found in children’s jewellery as any other children’s products.
- Children’s toys carrying the Barbie and Disney logos had high levels of lead in them according to a California based advocacy group.
- PVC containing phthalates in toys for children under 5 was banned in Denmark and a host of other countries (Austria, France, Finland, Germany, Greece, Italy, Mexico, Norway, and Sweden) based on research done in Denmark in the 1990’s using 10 000 children. The study directly linked an increase in allergies and asthma to the amount of phthalates found in house dust.
- Children under 3 are more exposed to these harmful chemicals because they suck and “mouth” most of their toys. Also, their metabolic, endocrine and reproductive systems are immature and therefore particularly vulnerable to chemicals.
Do not buy toys containing the following ingredients (if you are unsure – stay clear!)
Pthalates are a range of organic liquid chemicals (often colourless and odourless) produced from petrochemicals essentially to make plastic (particularly PVC) more flexible and pliable eg. toy ducks and teething rings. There are a host of different kinds of Pthalates of which 6 are considered to be harmful. Exposure to phthalates can damage reproductive systems, trigger asthma and allergies and impair lung functioning. They have also been linked to pre-term birth in humans.
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) is one of the most widely used synthetic materials and is highly hazardous. It’s entire lifecycle is toxic from production to elimination. Piping, flooring, windows, electrical insulation, toys, medical equipment (such as IVs used in neonatal units!), cloth and paper coating and some packaging amongst other things are just some of the things PVC is used for. PVC is a known carcinogen and a number of “green” groups are trying to have PVC banned. Most flexible, soft plastic toys are made from PVC and are toxic when mouthed or when heated (like in the bath). Some PVC products show the number 3 used by the SPI resin identification coding system used to identify polymer types. 90% of all phthalates are used in PVC.
Arsenic is a natural extremely poisonous substance that has numerous industrial applications from exterior of decking wood, to playground materials and some toys. It has been directly linked to cancer, blood disorders, damage to fetal development and other side-effects like skin pigmentation, numbness and cardiovascular disease.
Cadmium is an extremely toxic metal used in a host of industrial applications and often used to stabilise plastic. It is often found in cheap children’s toys, jewellery and painted products and can cause serious kidney and lung damage. It is listed as a probable carcinogen. It has also been linked to a decrease on bone density.
Bromine is a component in a family of fire-retardant chemicals known as brominated flame retardants (BFRs). They are persistent toxic chemicals that build up in people and wildlife and contaminate breastmilk and umbilical cord blood. They are known to cause birth defectss and reproductive problems in humans.
Mercury is a metallic element that cannot be broken down. It is used in fluorescent lighting, batteries, some antimicrobial paints etc. It is a neurological poison that causes symptoms similar to ADHD, such as hyperactivity and poor concentration. It is extremely toxic to the nervous system and can cause severe kidney damage.
Lead is used as a stabiliser and as a pigment and has been was connected with developmental issues, delayed growth and hearing loss in children..
Here are some of the things we can do:
- Stay away from any toys made in China or Taiwan.
- Ask the toy shops if their toys are non-toxic and do research to find out if the toy is in fact non-toxic.
- Stay away from plastic and especially soft, flexible and rubberised plastic.
- Buy unpainted wooden toys.
- Make your own dolls and other toys.
- Throw away all old PVC toys. You wouldn’t let your baby or child eat chemicals which is exactly what they’re doing if they mouth or suck on PVC or other toxic toys.
- Start saying THIS IS NOT GOOD ENOUGH to the manufacturers, the retailers, the government.
Only three things are certain:
1 We know that problems with cancer, reproductive issues, asthma and allergies particularly in children are on the rise.
2 A lot of the toys we give our children are highly toxic and in some cases carcinogenic.
3. You can’t say you didn’t know.